Allergy Drops
Sublingual Immunotherapy (SLIT) is a form of allergy treatment that helps the body build tolerance to allergens by placing small doses of the allergen under the tongue. Over time, this controlled exposure can reduce or eliminate allergic symptoms. SLIT is an effective, needle-free alternative to allergy shots and can be conveniently administered at home. It is commonly used to treat allergies to pollen, dust mites, pet dander, and certain molds.
Subcutaneous Immunotherapy (SCIT) | Sublingual Immunotherapy (SLIT) | |
Common Name | Allergy Shots | Allergy Drops |
Route of Administration | Injection under the skin (usually in the upper arm) | Drops placed under the tongue |
Location of Treatment | Medical Office | At Home |
Frequency (Build-up Phase) | 1–2 times per week | Daily |
Frequency (Maintenance Phase) | Every 2–4 weeks | Daily |
Duration of Treatment | 3–5 years | 3–5 years |
Safety Profile | Higher risk of systemic allergic reactions | Very low risk of severe reactions |
Efficacy | Highly effective when the treatment course is completed | Comparable effectiveness for many allergens, especially pollen and dust mites |
Onset of Improvement | Typically, within 6–12 months | Typically, within 3–6 months |
Ideal Candidates | Patients who tolerate injections and can commit to clinic visits | Patients seeking needle-free, home-based therapy |
FDA Approval (U.S.) | Approved for various allergen extracts | prescribed off-label |
Cost Considerations | Covered by insurance; office visits may add cost | About $1600 per year out-of-pocket cost |
Safety with Comorbid Conditions | Caution advised in patients with uncontrolled asthma or those taking beta-blockers due to the risk of systemic reactions | Caution advised in patients with uncontrolled asthma or those taking beta blockers due to the risk of systemic reactions. |
Typical Side Effects | Local redness, swelling, or itching at injection site; rare systemic reactions | Mild mouth or throat itching, rarely swelling or irritation |